EN | TR
E-ISSN: 2147-2653
Determination of Life Styles of Individuals with Vitamin D Deficiency
PDF
Cite
Share
Request
Original Investigation
VOLUME: 28 ISSUE: 1
P: 11-18
April 2022

Determination of Life Styles of Individuals with Vitamin D Deficiency

Turk J Osteoporos 2022;28(1):11-18
DOI: 10.4274/tod.galenos.2021.82687
Mediha Çetin 1
Emine Kıyak 2
1. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Gülhane Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kemik İliği Nakil Ünitesi, Ankara, Türkiye
2. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği Anabilim Dalı, Erzurum, Türkiye
No information available.
No information available
Received Date: 08.07.2020
Accepted Date: 28.04.2021
Publish Date: 29.03.2022
PDF
Cite
Share
Request

ABSTRACT

Objective:

This study was conducted to find the lifestyles of individuals with vitamin D deficiency.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive study was conducted on 250 individuals with vitamin D deficiency who referred to Erzurum Region Training and Research Hospital Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Clinic between April 2015 and October 2015. Questionnaires were used to collect the data.

Results:

Average vitamin D levels of the individuals were found as 11.82±5.73. It was found that 80.8% of the individuals did not use the vitamin D supplement, while vitamin D levels of those who did not use the supplement and those who used vitamin D drops were found to have significantly low vitamin D levels (p=0.000). Vitamin D levels of the individuals who had a diagnosis period of less than 6 months, those who did not use sun cream, those who were dark and wheat-skinned, those who did not eat fish and those who did not eat cheese were found to be significantly low (p<0.05). Vitamin D levels of the individuals who did not sunbathe (21.2%), those who sunbathe at hours other than 11 and 15 (97.6%), those who sunbathe with covered clothes (76.4%) and those who BMI under 30 (58.4%), was found to be low, while no statistically significant difference was found between them (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

Individuals who did not take vitamin D supplement, those who used vitamin D drops, those who had a diagnosis period of less than 6 months, those who did not use sun cream, those who did not eat fish and cheese and those who were dark and wheat-skinned had significantly low vitamin D levels.

References

1
Bizzaro G, Antico A, Fortunato A, Bizzaro N. Vitamin D and autoimmune diseases: is vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism the culprit. Isr Med Assoc J 2017;19:438-43.
2
Yamamoto E, Jørgensen TN. Immunological effects of vitamin D and their relations to autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2019;100:7-16.
3
Holick MF. The vitamin D deficiency pandemic: Approaches for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2017;18:153-65.
4
Hekimsoy Z, Dinç G, Kafesçiler S, Onur E, Güvenç Y, Pala T, et al. Vitamin D status among adults in the Aegean region of Turkey. BMC Public Health 2010;10:782. 
5
Alagöl F, Shihadeh Y, Boztepe H, Tanakol R, Yarman S, Azizlerli H, et al. Sunlight exposure and vitamin D deficiency in Turkish women. J Endocrinol Invest 2000;23:173-7.
6
Gür EB, Turan GA, Tatar S, Gökduman A, Karadeniz M, Celik G, et al. The effect of place of residence and lifestyle on vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy: Comparison of eastern and western parts of Turkey. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2014;15:149-55.
7
Sözen T GYD. Metabolik Kemik Hastalıkları. 1. Baskı, Ankara: Ankara Bayt Bilimsel Araştırmalar Basın Yayınevi; 2013. ss. 141-53.
8
Çidem M, Karacan İ, Beytemur O, Kara S. Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in patients with widespread musculoskeletal pain. Turk J Med Sci 2017;47:728-31.
9
Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 2007;357:266-81.
10
Çubukçu M, Acı R, Müderrisoğlu S. Evaluation of Vitamin D Levels According to Age, Sex and Seasonal Characteristics in Samsun. Ankara Med J 2019;19:769-75.
11
Türe E,  Müderrisoğlu S, Acı R, Çubukçu M, Erdem MA. Evaluation of vitamin d levels in adolescents and children according to age, sex and seasonal characteristics. Ankara Med J 2020;20:380-6.    
12
Grant WB, Holick MF. Benefits and requirements of vitamin D for optimal health: a review. Altern Med Rev 2005;10:94-111. 
13
Collins A. Practice implications for preventing population vulnerability related to vitamin D status. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2013;25:109-18. 
14
Çapık C. Use of confirmatory factor analysis in validity and reliability studie. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences 2014;17:196-205.
15
Mithal A, Wahl DA, Bonjour JP, Burckhardt P, Dawson-Hughes B, Eisman JA, et al. Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D. Osteoporos Int 2009;20:1807-20.
16
Looker AC, Johnson CL, Lacher DA, Pfeiffer CM, Schleicher RL, Sempos CT. Vitamin D status: United states, 2001-2006. NCHS Data Brief 2011;59:1-8.
17
Lips P, van Schoor N. Worldwide vitamin D status.  Vitamin D, 3rd ed. Elsevier; 2011. p. 947-63.
18
Forrest KY, Stuhldreher WL. Prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency in US adults. Nutr Res 2011;31:48-54.
19
Osmancevic A, Sandström K, Gillstedt M, Landin-Wilhelmsen K, Larkö O, Wennberg Larkö AM, et al. Vitamin D production after UVB exposure-A comparison of exposed skin regions. J Photochem Photobiol B 2015;143:38-43.
20
Joh HK, Lim CS, Cho B. Lifestyle and dietary factors associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in Korean young adults. J Korean Med Sci 2015;30:1110-20.
21
Faurschou A, Beyer DM, Schmedes A, Bogh MK, Philipsen PA, Wulf HC. The relation between sunscreen layer thickness and vitamin D production after ultraviolet B exposure: a randomized clinical trial. Br J Dermatol 2012;167:391-5.
22
Neale RE, Khan SR, Lucas RM, Waterhouse M, Whiteman DC, Olsen CM. The effect of sunscreen on vitamin D: a review. Br J Dermatol 2019;181:907-15.
23
Brustad M, Sandanger T, Aksnes L, Lund E. Vitamin D status in a rural population of northern Norway with high fish liver consumption. Public Health Nutr 2004;7:783-9.
24
Baysal A. Vitamin D and Health. Bes Diy Derg 2014;42:89-90.
25
Al-Raddadi R, Bahijri S, Borai A, AlRaddadi Z. Prevalence of lifestyle practices that might affect bone health in relation to vitamin D status among female Saudi adolescents. Nutrition 2018;45:108-13.
26
AlQuaiz AM, Kazi A, Fouda M, Alyousefi N. Age and gender differences in the prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency. Arch Osteoporos 2018;13:49.
27
Sadat-Ali M, Al Elq A, Al-Farhan M, Sadat NA. Fortification with vitamin D: Comparative study in the Saudi Arabian and US markets. J Family Community Med 2013;20:49-52.
28
Al-Alyani H, Al-Turki HA, Al-Essa ON, Alani FM, Sadat-Ali M. Vitamin D deficiency in Saudi Arabians: A reality or simply hype: A meta-analysis (2008-2015). J Family Community Med 2018;25:1-4.
29
Fuleihan GEH. Vitamin D deficiency in the Middle East and its health consequences for children and adults. Clinic Rev Bone Miner Metab 2009;7:77-93.
30
Romagnoli E, Carnevale V, Biondi P, Minisola S. Vitamin D supplementation: when and how? J Endocrinol Invest 2014;37:603-7.
31
Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011;96:1911-30.
32
Aypak C, Yıkılan H, Dicle M, Önder Ö, Görpelioğlu S. The Relationship of Vitamin D Status with Body Mass Index among Obese Adults. Med Bull Haseki 2013;51:95-8.
33
Pludowski P, Holick MF, Grant WB, Konstantynowicz J,  Mascarenhas RM, Haq A, et al. Vitamin D supplementation guidelines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018;175:125-35.
34
Amrein K, Scherkl M, Hoffmann M, Neuwersch-Sommeregger S, Köstenberger M, Tmava Berisha A, et al. Vitamin D deficiency 2.0: an update on the current status worldwide. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020;74:1498-513.
35
Heaney RP, Davies KM, Chen TC, Holick MF, Barger-Lux MJ. Human serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol response to extended oral dosing with cholecalciferol. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:204-10.
36
Sanders KM, Stuart AL, Williamson EJ, Simpson JA, Kotowicz MA, Young D, et al. Annual high-dose oral vitamin D and falls and fractures in older women: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2010;303:1815-22.
37
Wacker M, Holick MF.  Sunlight and Vitamin D: A global perspective for health. Dermatoendocrinol 2013;5:51-108.
38
Karadavut Kİ, Başaran A, Çakcı A. Vitamin D Deficiency in Turkish Women. Turk J Osteoporos 2003;9:74-9.