The aims of this study were to investigate the frequency of depression in osteoporotic and osteopenic women and to determine the relationship between depression and lifestyle, level of education and some risk factors of osteoporosis. Sixty-one osteopenic or osteoporotic postmenopausal women were included in this retrospective study. Patients’ lifestyle, risk factors, pain and depression levels were evaluated by means of lifestyle questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively. The women were divided into two groups as osteopenic and osteoporotic according to WHO criteria. The mean age and menopause duration of the subjects were 61.7±5.2 and 18.9±9.7 years, respectively. Fourty-six percent of women were found to be osteoporotic and the remainig were osteopenic according to the bone density measurement. As the results of lifestyle questionnaire, 73.8% of the patients were housewife, 45.9% graduated from primary school, and 14.8% were exercising regularly. The mean VAS and BDI scores were 5.4±2.01 cm and 17.2±9.8, respectively. According to BDI scores, 30.8% of women had moderate, and 7.7% had severe depression. There were negative correlations between BDI score and education level (r= -0.300, p= 0.031), as well as BDI and history of exercise (r=-0.285, p=0.041). However, positive correlations were found between exercise and level of education (r=0.340 p=0.007), and Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) (r=0.430 p=0.001). In conclusion, depression being commonly seen in osteoporotic and osteopenic patients should be taken into account in the treatment and follow-up of patients. In these patients it should be taken into consideration that lifestyle properties like education, dressing, HRT usage, and exercise could have a relation with depression and with each other. Key words: Osteoporosis, osteopenia, depression, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
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GIRIS VE AMAÇ
Postmenopozal osteoporoz (OP), kemik mineral ve matriksinin esit oranda azalarak, kemik kalitesinde bozulma ve kemik kirilganliginda artis ile karakterize metabolik bir kemik hastaligidir(1). OP hem kadinlarda hem de erkeklerde görülmesine karsin, kadinlarda erkeklere oranla 5 kat daha fazladir. Yapilan arastirmalar sonucunda OP prevalansinin 50-59 yas arasi kadinlarda %40-55, 60-69 yas arasinda %75, 70 yas üzerinde ise %85-90 oldugunu göstermistir (2). Dünya çapinda ortalama 200 milyon kisiyi etkiledigi ve yasli nüfusun artisi ile de bu sayinin giderek arttigi bilinmektedir. Tüm dünyada ortalama yasam süresinin uzamasiyla birlikte insanlarin ileri yasta sahip olduklari kronik hastaliklar önem kazanmistir. Osteoporozun da bir kronik hastalik oldugu göz önünde bulunduruldugunda depresyonun normale göre daha fazla gözlendigi ve yasam kalitesinin olumsuz yönde etkilendigi açiktir. Bu durumda kisinin fiziksel sagligi kadar ruhsal sagligi da etkilenir (3). Bu çalismada osteoporozu olan kisilerde depresyon sikligini arastirmak ve bu durumun kisinin yasam tarzi, aliskanliklari ve egitim düzeyi ile iliskisini belirlemek amaçlanmistir.
