Among the determinants of osteoporosis in elderly, nutritional factors play a significant role. In a cross-sectional study the effects of several nutritional factors on bone mineral density were investigated in 44 women aged over 40 years. Nineteen premenopausal and twenty five postmenopausal women were enrolled the study. Subjects were instructed to keep seven-day nutritional record. Bone mineral density measurements were performed with DXA, and laboratory investigations related to bone metabolism were undertaken. Daily protein, fat, carbohydrate, total energy, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, zinc and vitamin C intakes were analysed by a nutritional analysis program. The associations between daily dietary intakes of this nutritional components and bone mineral density were investigated.The daily protein, fat, carbohydrate, total energy, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, zinc and vitamin C intakes were not correlated significantly with lumbar and hip bone mineral density. Lumbar bone mineral density was correlated with age. There was no significant association between daily protein or sodium intake and urinary calcium excretion. The results suggest that the manifestation of osteoporosis in women is influenced to a greater extent by age and years since menopause than by the distribution of nutritional factors in normal mixed diet. However, further studies with larger series are essential to evaluate the role of dietary composition on the manifestation of osteoporosis and bone metabolism. Key words: Osteoporosis; dietary intake; bone mineral density
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GIRIS
Kemik hastaliklari içinde en sik görülen ve önemli bir halk sagligi problemi olan osteoporoz; düsük kemik kütlesi ve kemik dokusunun mikroyapisinin bozulmasi sonucu kemik kirilganliginin ve kirik olasiliginin artmasi ile karakterize sistemik bir iskelet hastaligidir. Osteoporozu toplumsal açidan önemli kilan neden, olusan kiriklar nedeniyle tedavi maliyetinin ve ölüm oranlarinin artmasi ve bunun sonucunda ekonomik ve is gücü kayiplarinin büyük olmasidir.Beslenme, kemik kütlesinin olusmasi ve korunmasinda oldugu kadar, osteoporozun önlenmesi ve tedavisinde de önemli rolü olan degistirilebilir bir faktördür. Kemik mineral içeriginin %80-90’i kalsiyum ve fosfordan olusur. Protein, magnezyum, çinko, demir, fluorid, vitamin D, A, C ve K gibi diger besinsel ögeler ise normal kemik metabolizmasi için gereklidir. Buna karsilik besin ögesi olarak degerlendirilemeyecek kafein, alkol, sigara alimi ve degisik ilaçlarin kullanimi da kemik sagligini etkileyebilen faktörlerdir (1,2). Biz çalismamizda peri ve postmenopozal kadinlarda çesitli diyetsel faktörlerin kemik mineral yogunlugu ve kemik döngüsü belirleyicileri üzerine etkilerini incelemeyi amaçladik.
