ÖZET
Amaç:
Behçet hastalığı (BH) dünyada önemli morbiditelere neden olan, multisistemik enflamatuvar bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada BH tanılı hastalarımızın klinik ve demografik özelliklerini incelemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem:
Ocak 2015-Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında fiziksel tıp ve rehabilitasyon kliniğine başvuran hastaların kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Uluslararası Behçet Hastalığı Çalışma Grubu’nun tanı kriterlerini karşılayan 160 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik özelliklerine ek olarak hastalığın başlangıç yaşı, ilk başvuru yakınması, hastalık süresi, sistemik bulgular ve kullanılan medikal tedaviler de dahil olmak üzere klinik özellikler kayıt altına alındı.
Bulgular:
Çalışmaya alınan 160 hastanın yaş ortalaması 40,48±10,0 [minimum (min): 19, maksimum (maks): 72] idi. Hastalığın ortalama başlangıç yaşı 30,54±8,46 (min: 14, maks: 62) olarak hesaplandı. Hastalığın en sık tuttuğu sistemlerin başında deri yer alırken; en sık deri bulgusu %100 ile oral aftlardı. Sırasıyla diğer en sık tutulum bölgeleri %36,3 (n=58) ile göz, %16,9 (n=27) ile vasküler yapılar ve %15 (n=24) ile eklemlerdi. En nadir tutulum %0,6 (n=1) ile genitoüriner sistemdi. Tedavide en sık kullanılan ajan kolşisin olup hastanın klinik durumuna göre steroidler, azatiopürin, siklosporin ve çeşitli biyolojik ilaçlar tedavide kullanılan farklı gruplardan ajanlardır.
Sonuç:
Çalışmamızın sonuçları BH’nin en sık görülen tutulum şekli mukokütanöz tutulum olsa da; oküler, kas-iskelet sistemi ve nörolojik sistem tutulumu gibi ciddi morbidite ve mortalite ile ilişkili farklı tutulumların da nadir olmadığını göstermektedir. Tedavi, tutulan sistem ve organlara göre değişir. Bu nedenle, BH hastalarını sistematik olarak değerlendirmek ve uygun ve yeterli tedaviyi düzenlemek çok önemlidir.
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