ÖZET
Amaç:
Vertebral kırıklar geriatrik hastalarda yaşam kalitesini bozmakta ve ekonomik maliyeti artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, geriatrik hastalarda spontan vertebral fraktür oranlarını ve risk faktörlerini belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem:
1 Ocak-30 Haziran 2018 tarihleri arasında fiziksel tıp ve rehabilitasyon polikliniğine dorsalji şikayeti ile başvuran 65 yaş üstü hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Torakal ve lomber omurga grafilerinde kırık saptanan 136 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların vitamin D düzeyi, osteoporoz tedavileri, diabetes mellitus, kronik böbrek yetersizliği ve tiroid disfonksiyonları kaydedildi.
Bulgular:
Hastaların (kadın/erkek: 119/17) yaş ortalaması 73,9±6,6 idi. Yetmiş dört kişide (%54,4) spontan vertebra kırığı saptandı. Vertebral kırıklar, alt torasik ve üst lomber bölgede yoğunlaşmaktaydı. Hastalar grup 1; 65-74 yaş arası, grup 2; 75 yaş ve üstü hastalar olarak gruplara ayrıldı. Grup 2’deki spontan vertebra fraktür oranları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p˂0,05). Regresyon analizine göre yaş, kadın cinsiyet ve osteoporoz varlığı vertebral fraktür açısından belirgin risk faktörüydü.
Sonuç:
Geriatrik hastalarda vertebral kırıklar dramatik şekilde artmaktadır. İleri yaş (>75 yıl) vertebral kırıklar için majör ve bağımsız risk faktörüdür. Maliyetinin yüksek olması ve yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilemesi nedeniyle geriatrik hastalarda kemik kalitesine yönelik tanı ve tedavilerin zamanında yapılması gerekmektedir.
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